Niyama is derived from the Sanskrit root niyam, which means “to hold.” Thus, niyama translates to practices of self-restraint.” Shaucha, Santosha, Tapas, Swadhyaya, and Ishvarapranidhana are the five Niyamas. The Niyamas discuss our obligations to ourselves. They are meant to assist in shaping our personalities.Help us build character.